Deep Sea Mining Education, New Need

                      Deep Sea Mining Education, New Need 

There are huge deposits of minerals hidden under the ground. These minerals are formed by many chemical reactions, which are being extracted from the soil by excavation and used by man in various works and products. There is no limit to 'Surface Mining'. Wherever the mineral is discovered, excavation beings and it is later extracted. It contains minerals like Coal, Ferrous metals, Manganese, Bauxite etc. These materials are mined but about 70 per cent of the excavations are not properly excavated and they are destroyed. Most of the mines are under government control and the government contracts for a certain amount of mining but most of the area is under mafia rule, due to which the trend of illegal mining is increasing day by day. Overseas, there are strict laws on surface mining, especially for coal and ferrous metals. Geolgists say that digging in the mountains causes many problems in the environment. During excavations, valleys are formed which are filled with rain water and this degrades the ecological system. Its effect has also been at the ground water level. The government of India has recently banned a number of mining projects to protect the natural environment, including the western Ghats of India and the Delhi - Haryana belt of the Aravalli Hills. With this in mind , more emphasis is being placed on the teaching of ' Deep Sea Mining'. Companies are also coming forward in this. gold, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel and many other precious minerals will be extracted by excavation so that the ecological system will be healthy and the environment will not be adversely affected. 

                                                            

China and Russia are doing the most in the field of DC Mining. These areas are the Indian ocean and the Atlantic ocean of India. According to a report, the oceans have huge reserves of minerals, which could be used to extract many tons of minerals every year. It will contain more copper on this subject, a scientist from the National Institute of Oceanography, Dr. S. N. Gajbhai says that proper use of marine minerals will be possible only when the children are informed about it from school - college. Today, there are huge employment opportunities in the field of sea mining but most of the children are not aware of it . Even if they have some knowledge, they do not want to come in this field, because they are not properly educated and therefore they do not understand the importance of this field. There are many engineers in our country but very few students are interested in the field of oceanography. This is also a matter of concern. As a result oceanography is still untouched today. Cadre Abhishek Kankan says that any marine excavation is based on certain rules so that we can benefit from it. This requires more and more scientists and engineers who can work more efficiently in less time. Nuclear blasting and jing, shattering by nuclear blasting, sheet sinking by rotary penis etc. are all state - of - the - art excavation systems. 

* Deep sea mining through nuclear blasting and jing could separate the minerals and deposit the sea - sand to from an island.

* " Shuttering by nuclear blasting will be used to extract minerals from the oceans and test them first, " he said. Their quality will be excavated later to reduce the time and effort required.

* ' Sheet sinking by rotary penis from tunnels is used to extract manganese. In developed countries, this system is used to extract minerals from the sea. It can also make salt water sweeter. In Mumbai, wastewater from sewage is discharged into the sea through this system. Deep sea mining is a new concept, so there are some things to keep in mind while doing it. It is important to get training from good Institutes to work in this field. Dr. Gajbhache says that it is important to follow certain rules while digging in the sea floor.

* Continuous digging from more than one place to the bottom affects the bottomless layer of the ocean floor, which is likely to increase the toxicity of the water and pose a threat to marine life.

* In addition, many chemicals are released in the mining area from leaks, spills abrasions, etc., so it is important to clean the area by excavated, the minerals should be removed and the remaining residues should be removed to avoid water contamination. Deep sea mining is also expensive.         

Minerals in the ocean floor are different in different layers. For example, below 4,000 to 6,000 meters, copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese, vanadium, platinum and mozibdenum at depths of 800 to 2,400 meters and lead, zinc, gold, silver, etc. at depths of 1,400 to 3,700 meters. Are gone diamonds are also extracted from deeper seas.

                                                      

Some Institutes where Deep - Sea - Mining Engineering is taught : 

* Bengal Engineering college, West Bengal - BE.

* Botanicas Gardens, Howrah Metallurgy. 

* Indian Institute of Technology, B Tech, M.SC.

* Indian school of Science, Dhanbad.

* College of Engineering Rourkela, Odisha.

* Banaras Hindu University Institute of Technology.

* Nagpur University Chandra Chur Engineering College.

* Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune.

* College of Technology and Engineering, Udaipur.

* Anna University, College of Engineering, Gundi, Chennai.